“Computational social science is an interdisciplinary field that advances theories of human behavior by applying computational techniques to large datasets from social media sites, the Internet, or other digitized archives such as administrative records.”
Intro.: Computational Social Science
“[CSS is] the development and application of computational methods to complex, typically large-scale, human (sometimes simulated) behavioral data.”
Intro.: Computational Social Science
Commonalities:
Computationally intensive methods
New types of data
Outcome of interest is ultimately human behaviour (?)
Intro.: Computational Social Science
Tensions:
Place of theory
Theory from data
New data for old theories?
Computational thinking
It asks:
what is computable?;
it states the difficulty of a problem in computational terms;
it asks whether an approximate solution is good enough;
and it requires imagination to abstract into an approximate solution;
to problems that might apply across almost every academic discipline imaginable
Where has this all come from?
Why are these data different?
Volume
Velocity
Producers
Variety
Digital trace data
What is digital trace data?
Social media posts
Blogs and webpages
Call detail records (CDRs)
Web searches
Wearables
Internet of Things
Digital trace data
What does it look like?
Figure 1: Salganik, Matthew. 2018. Bit by Bit: Social Research in the Digital Age. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p.7.
Examples
[{'text':'hello freak [ __ ] I would love to play','start':0.439,'duration':5.351}, {'text':'you the dinosaurs are not real video','start':3.72,'duration':4.82}, {'text':'just do it God', 'start':5.79, 'duration':5.25}, {'text':"we probably can't play it on YouTube",'start':8.54,'duration':3.76}, {'text':"where we'll get pulled but we could play",'start':11.04,'duration':4.44}, {'text':'the audio right play the I will put the','start':12.3,'duration':4.59}, {'text':'video up on the screen and play the','start':15.48,'duration':3.389}, {'text':'audio for you and you could just [ __ ] it','start':16.89,'duration':4.29}, {'text':'your head could turn beet red smokes','start':18.869,'duration':4.381},
Examples
Examples
<publicwhip scraperversion="b" latest="yes"><oral-heading id="uk.org.publicwhip/debate/2017-01-09b.1.0" nospeaker="true" colnum="1" time="" url="">OralAnswers toQuestions</oral-heading><major-heading id="uk.org.publicwhip/debate/2017-01-09b.1.1" nospeaker="true" colnum="1" time="" url="">WORK AND PENSIONS</major-heading><speech id="uk.org.publicwhip/debate/2017-01-09b.1.2" nospeaker="true" colnum="1" time="" url=""><p pid="b1.2/1">The Secretary of State was asked—</p></speech><speech id="uk.org.publicwhip/debate/2017-01-09b.1.3" speakername="John Bercow" person_id="uk.org.publicwhip/person/10040" colnum="1" time="" url=""><p pid="b1.3/1">I call Mr Gerald Jones. Where is the fella? He is not here.</p></speech><minor-heading id="uk.org.publicwhip/debate/2017-01-09b.1.4" nospeaker="true" colnum="1" time="" url="">Self-employment</minor-heading><speech id="uk.org.publicwhip/debate/2017-01-09b.1.5" person_id="uk.org.publicwhip/person/25309" speakername="Peter Dowd" oral-qnum="2" colnum="1" time="" url=""><p pid="b1.5/1" qnum="908056">What recent assessment he has made of trends in the level of self-employment. </p>