Static outliers for Dr Dewan Vk

There is substantial variation in prescribing behaviours, across various different areas of medicine. Some variation can be explained by demographic changes, or local policies or guidelines, but much of the remaining variation is less easy to explain. At OpenPrescribing we are piloting a number of data-driven approaches to identify unusual prescribing and collect feedback on this prescribing to inform development of new tools to support prescribers and organisations to audit and review prescribing.

This report has been developed to automatically identify prescribing patterns at a chemical level which are furthest away from “typical prescribing” and can be classified as an “outlier”. We calculate the number of prescriptions for each chemical in the BNF coding system using the BNF subparagraph as a denominator, for prescriptions dispensed between April 2021 and August 2021. We then calculate the mean and standard deviation for each numerator and denominator pair across all practices/CCGs/PCNs/STPs. From this we can calculate the “z-score”, which is a measure of how many standard deviations a given practice/CCG/PCN/STP is from the population mean. We then rank your “z-scores” to find the top 5 results where prescribing is an outlier for prescribing higher than its peers and those where it is an outlier for prescribing lower than its peers.

It is important to remember that this information was generated automatically and it is therefore likely that some of the behaviour is warranted. This report seeks only to collect information about where this variation may be warranted and where it might not. Our full analytical method code is openly available on GitHub here.

The DataLab is keen to hear your feedback on the results. You can do this by completing the following survey or emailing us at ebmdatalab@phc.ox.ac.uk. Please DO NOT INCLUDE IDENTIFIABLE PATIENT information in your feedback. All feedback is helpful, you can send short or detailed feedback.

Prescribing where Dr Dewan Vk is higher than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Fluocinonide 11 Topical corticosteroids 179 0.06 0.00 0.00 23.33
Eprosartan 36 Angiotensin-II receptor antagonists 356 0.10 0.00 0.01 17.48
Almotriptan 5 Treatment of acute migraine 13 0.38 0.01 0.02 15.80
Metolazone 5 Thiazides and related diuretics 102 0.05 0.00 0.01 9.22
Amiloride hydrochloride with loop diuretics 3 Potassium sparing diuretics and compounds 4 0.75 0.02 0.08 8.91

Prescribing where Dr Dewan Vk is lower than most

BNF Chemical Chemical Items BNF Subparagraph Subparagraph Items Ratio Mean std Z_Score Plots
Amoxicillin 65 Broad-spectrum penicillins 120 0.54 0.81 0.09 -3.13
Naproxen 30 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 75 0.40 0.69 0.10 -2.84
Macrogol 3350 86 Osmotic laxatives 192 0.45 0.70 0.10 -2.64
Pizotifen malate 0 Prophylaxis of migraine 24 0.00 0.65 0.26 -2.49
Colecalciferol 582 Vitamin D 644 0.90 0.96 0.02 -2.40
Colecalciferol 400unit / Calcium carbonate 1.5g chewable tab : 38
Adcal-D3 chewable tablets tutti frutti : 55
Adcal-D3 750mg/200unit caplets : 118
Fultium-D3 20,000unit capsules : 106
InVita D3 800unit capsules : 78
Calci-D 1000mg/1,000unit chewable tablets : 64
Adcal-D3 Dissolve 1500mg/400unit effervescent tablets : 2
InVita D3 2,400units/ml oral drops : 2
Colecalciferol 200unit / Calcium carbonate 750mg tablets : 1
Colecalciferol 25,000units/1ml soln ud amp sugar free : 1
Colecalciferol 2,740units/ml oral drops sugar free : 1
Fultium-D3 3,200unit capsules : 1
InVita D3 50,000unit capsules : 1
Adcal-D3 Lemon chewable tablets : 28
Accrete D3 tablets : 4
InVita D3 25,000units/1ml oral solution : 4
Colecalciferol 400unit / Calcium carbonate 1.5g efferv tab : 8
Fultium-D3 800unit capsules : 8
Fultium-D3 2,740units/ml oral drops : 3
Stexerol-D3 1,000unit tablets : 3
Cacit D3 effervescent granules sachets : 6
Calcichew D3 Forte chewable tablets : 6
Colecalciferol 800unit capsules : 15
Calcichew D3 chewable tablets : 24
Pro D3 800unit Vegan capsules : 5