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"Times."

The first outburst of excited indignation, that greeted the peace terms (in Japan) is giving place to a businesslike consideration of the future. Denunciation of the treaty and, even overt demonstrations have not ceased, but the bulk of the nation seems to have turned its back upon disorder, as we were confident from the first it would. The amount of strong feeling which still exists shows the strains that the Japanese have just gone, through, and does all the more honor to the, self-control and farsightedness which have enabled the majority to triumph over the first pangs of disappointment The remaining discontent may be expected to subside as soon as the people turn their hands to the work which is waiting for them

The first section of the Japanese nation to grasp the vast opportunities which peace has brought within range is, naturally enough, the business community. A piece of intelligence is reported to day which is in the highest degree significant of the future. A great trade combination, representing eighty-one firms, and headed by the Japanese capitalist Mr. Iwade, has been formed for the promotion of Japan's industries and the expansion of her foreign trade. Here, then, we have the first big movement to take advantage of the opportunities afforded by the peace.

"Telegraph."

Even during the war the industries of Japan have hardly been prejudicially affected, and the output of the mills has not diminished. Commercial enterprise, of course, in that country is still in its infancy, but the rate of progress has been most remarkable, and if the required capital is forthcoming—as it readily will be now that the Japanese Government are relaxing the stringent precautions designed to prevent the dominance of foreign money—the exports of Japan are likely to show some astonishing increases in the next five years. That Japan will be a formidable competitor is being realised by many of the American newspapers, which are beginning to give economic interpretations to the phrase "Yellow Peril," and also by the British manufacturers trading with the Far East But, doubtless, Japan will have her own industrial difficulties, like every other country has—checks which had already begun to manifest themselves when the war came to absorb the nation's full attention. These may somewhat retard the development of which Count Katsura spoke, but the prognostics are that it will still be as rapid as was her rise to political greatness.

"Evening Standard."

Japan is not given to letting the grass grow under its feet Hardly has the war been ended when it begins the reaping of the consequences —a reaping which (to lapse into an Irishism) means the sowing of commercial possibilities. Count Kataura, the Premier, has been impressing on the provincial governors the importance of directing the national energy so as to effect an economic expansion and development commensurate with the nation's victories. Judging from a "Times" report, the business community is carrying out the advice before it is well given. A trade combination, representing eighty-one firms and headed by the Japanese capitalist Mr. Iwade, has been formed for the promotion of Japan's industries and the expansion of her foreign trade. The opportunities before such a combination are immense, but the feature which strikes us most is the promptitude with which the scheme has sprung into being. It must have been formulated before the war was over, and no doubt will be in full working order ere the armies have been withdrawn. Time is precious to the Japanese. England shows an Oriental lassitude by comparison

"Globe."

Some of the finest markets in the world lie close to the threshold of enterprising Nippon that of China itself offer, amount of profitable business to a manufact-ring nation almost conterminous in geographical position. Here, then, and also on a smaller scale in Korea, Japan can, as soon as her resources are fully developed by the powerful financial combination just brought into being at Tokio, enter into competition against the Western nations with almost every advantage in her favor. That is the direction to which Count Kataura points as the sure road to a victory, not less desirable, in its way, than that accomplished during the last twenty months by armed force. Happily, the provin-cial governors may be safely depended on to bring to a quick ending the underground schemes of party politicians.

"Daily News".

It is often urged that the aspirations of the small nations threaten the peace of Europe. To a dialectician like Mr. Balfour, "the balance of criminality" rests, not with the Turkish op-pressor, but with the Macedonian revolutionary The time is, however, fast coming when this strange contention will have to be not only revised, but reversed. At present, statesmen are deliberately contending against a natural law which they ought to recognise and obey. The result is trouble, anxiety, and a danger of bloodshed. But we may take it as certain that an autonomous Europe, governed in accordance with natural law, would be a peaceful Europe and a Europe ready for disarmament. We say this because autonomy is the first step towards confederation. If only Sweden would drop her notions of pre-eminence and would frankly concede absolute independence to Norway, we should be within measurable distance of a close Scandinavian alliance. But each an alliance or confederation can never come about while one party to it is suspected of desiring to claim some especial prerogative over the other.

"Standard."

Whatever be the value to one party, or the danger to the other, of Frederikstein, we cannot believe that a single fortress, however old, or however new, can be worth the risk of a rupture. Not since Hamlet the Dane moralised over the proceedings of Fortinbras the Norwegian has there seemed a more inadequate cause for plunging two nations into war. Are men to be asked to "go to their graves like beds," and shed the blood of their brothers for this fragment of earth and stone ? The idea is insulting to the intelligence and humanity of the Scandinavian peoples, and frankly we must say that they will disgrace themselves in the eyes of the world if they are going to 'find quarrel in a straw" in this fashion.

Chronicle.

Sweden says "Pull down your fortresses because they are aimed at us." Norway replies, we suppose, "Not so; they stand in self-defence." To which Sweden's rejoinder should be, it seems, "Very well, then; to prove our good faith, we shall readily agree to a treaty of universal and compulsory arbitration." If this rejoinder be made, Norway would have some difficulty, we think, in resisting the demand for the demolition of the new fortresses.

"Westminster Gazette."

The relations between Sweden and Norway are still in a critical state, and no way out of the frontier fort difficulty seems to have been discovered as yet As we rather thought might be the case, it happens that the question turns on the new part of the old forts. Norway is willing to demolish forts which are wholly new; Sweden does not ask for the demolition of those which are entirely old. But what of the forts (such as Fredricksten and Kongavinger) which are partly new and partly old? A Norwegian correspondent writes to us this morning as to these two forts

They were modernised in 1895, when certain other smaller works were built, all of which are within the neutral, rone proposed by Sweden. The whole of the work, it should be remembered, was sanctioned by the Union King, and, obviously, could not then have been regarded by him and his Swedish advisers as a threat from one of his kingdoms towards the other. They are all, as an indisputable fact, of a purely defensive character, and were intended as links in a concerted scheme for the defence, by the two nations, of the Scandinavian peninsula. The Swedes now affect to believe that they constitute a direct threat towards themselves. As defences the forts can be no threat to Sweden now any more than they were in 1895 ; as bases for a Norwegian attack on Sweden they are worse than useless, even assuming the possibility of such an attack by the weaker country, which, however, no thinking man in Norway or Sweden for a moment admits.

It is satisfactory to find that both sides still agree that the question ought to be capable of amicable adjustment, but none the less very grave danger would attend any considerable prolongation of the present situation.

"Daoblad" (Christiania).

The "Dagblad" in an article headed "Foreign Mediation," says it appears as if Sweden will refuse both arbitration and mediation. As regards Norway, nothing in her attitude, saythe journal, can be interpreted as indicating a refusal on her part to consider arbitration or mediation. Nobel's ideal of peace has animated Norway to such an extent that they would confidently accept either.

Kisheneff is the capital of Bessarabia, a Russian province bordering upon Hungary. We reached it by a branch railway line tram a small station on the direct route between Odessa and Kieff. From the train windows we could see that the physical attractions of Bessarabia were far greater than those of the Odessa district Here the ground, no longer steppe, broke into gentle undulations, which were enlivened from time to time by gurgling streams crossed by rustic bridges, and country lanes that reminded one of beautiful Surrey. The cottages, thatched neatly with straw, and standing in pretty gardens surrounded by hedges, had a decided look of prosperity and comfort; their walls were whitewashed, and their window-frames and doors painted bright red, or blue, or green, according to the taste of the owners, and sometimes all three colours were combined. In the distance we could see blue hills, thè fore runners of the Carpathian mountains. The air was mild and balmy, a delight after, the rawness of Odessa.

The town of Kisheneff is by no means be-witching. One is struck first of all by the enormous space it covers, and by the width of its dirty streets, and then by the shabby and dejected look of its low, seldom more than two-storied, houses. There are a few streets with five houses and some large public buildings, but these are only to be seen in the centre of the town. The houses are of stone,and look, for the most part, like rows of shabby bungalows. The shops, with one or two exceptions, are quite second-rate, and were one and all in the hands of low-class Bessarabian Jews until 1903,when, for the first time, a first-class Russian business house was opened there.

It was as much our interest in the children of Israel as any other motive, that led us to Kisheneff, and we were anxious to see and talk with some of them. English people are apt to forget that there are as many classes of society among the Jews of Russia as there are among ourselves in Great Britain, and they also forget that even in Russia the Jews, though-all of one race, are of many different nationalities. Even at Kisheneff, where these people have suffered so much, many of the most respected citizens are Jews, who are loyal to Russia as the country of their birth, and, the same time, loyal to their own race. Some of the most distinguished lawyers, doctors, and merchants of Bessarabia are Jews. These men know well that it was as untrue that the atrocities which horrified the world were sanctioned by the Russians as a people, as it is untrue that the American people lynches its negroes and burns them at the stake.

We stayed at a hotel kept by a Jew. Many of the window-panes had been smashed at the time of the attack on the Jews, and had not been replaced by new ones, so for once we slept in a well-ventilated room. The next day we took a drive through the lowest part of the town, which is known by the name of "the old bazaar," and were surprised to find Jews, Russians, dogs, and pigs all mixed up together in amicable muddiness. I had expected to find the Jews in a sort of ghetto apart. As a matter of fact Kishen-eff is mainly a Jewish town, with a few Russian officials, and a few public buildings in its centre, just as Warsaw is a Polish town, with Russian policemen keeping order in the streets. The mud in the bazaar must be like pea soup in wet weather, but it was dry on the day of our visit, and we found loaves of bread, vegetables, and other articles of food exposed for sale on bits of dirty matting. On all sides of ns were Jewish faces. The young girls were so handsome that I could hardly take my eyes off them ; they had crisply furling brown hair, good, well-defined features, clear complexions, expressive dark eyes, and long black eyelashes. The boys had the same pretty curling hair as the girls, only that it was short and bushy. Many Jewish houses are built round one court, with a single entrance; this style of architecture is adopted for the sake of the security it affords. Students of Old London tell us that houses there were always built in that way during the Middle Ages, as it was not safe to live in houses built otherwise.

Later in the day I entered a shop opposite our hotel to buy some picture postcards. The young woman behind the counter was a Jewess. She saw that I was a foreigner, and was very anxious to know my nationality, and the reason of my visit to Kish- eneff. 'The poor creature was afflicted with a terrible squint, and so was her father, who came in presently. They conversed together in a gibberish of low German, which I understood perfectly. When she heard I was English the girl asked :--

"Do they kill the Jews in England ?"

"Kill them !" 1 answered ; "I should think not, indeed!"

"Do they beat the Jews in " England !" she asked, fiercely.

"Of course not," I replied. "Some of the best men in our country are Jews. I should like to see them being beaten!"

"Well, they beat them-and kill them here," she cried, or, rather, hissed, and her dark eyes flashed.

"Surely none but a very low class of people would do such a wicked thing was my tentative rejoinder.

"No, indeed. All classes join in ill-treating the Jews ;'doctors join the mob, students— everybody."

"Were you here when they did it ?" I asked.

"Yes ; they went first to one shop, and to another." -

"It is very terrible," I replied; and as I looked at the girl I felt how much she must have suffered, and wondered whether she, too, would end by joining the Nihilists, like so many of her sisters. Twenty years ago it was an acknowledged foot that there were ten times as many Jews among the ranks of Nihilism as there were Russians, Poles, or-Germans. "The Jewish women in particular," wrote Tissot, in 1882, "bring a concentrated energy, a cold determination, to bear on their acts of revolution that recall the Judith of the Apocrypha." The same writer was of the opinion that the majority of these Judiths came from Little and New Russia, where the cornfields wave like the sea, where the blood is warm." Yes, I felt that the young woman bad reason to be' indignant, and I did not think it was for me—a foreigner -—to remind her that there are two sides to every question, and that the fearful massacres, which no Russian worthy of the name had ever wished to justify, were the outcome of evils that been growing for more than one decade. I did not speak to her of the class of Jews who had settled, like vampires, year after year, upon the poor, lazy, ignorant peasant, who, having got hold of the capital, had enticed them into their liquor hells (till the Government stopped it), lent them money, and ruined them by the thousand.

Presently the girl said, "Do you know any Hebrew ? It is Hebrew, the language of our race, that my father and I have just been talking."

"Really," I replied, trying to look dubious; "it is remarkably like German."

"You are right," she replied : and yon would find Hebrew very easy if you knew German. There are so many words common to both languages."

I told her that I did not think that was the case with the pure Hebrew of the Scriptures, at which she simply shrugged her shoulders. While we were talking it had interested me to see her brother, who was also afflicted with the family squint, enter quietly, and listen with quivering interest to every word that passed. I left that shop with a feeling of greater sympathy with the Hebrew race than ever. Russia must not drive her Jews away, nor must she hinder their advance, or turn them into Nihilists. They are a necessary element to her own prosperity. They are like a sharp tool, indispensable to the skilled workman, but ready to out like a razor if not handled properly. Take away the Jews from Kisheneff, and the town will cease to exist Help them to prosper and the town and its government will become one of the most flourishing spots in the empire.

Kisheneff is the fortunate possessor of some fine sulphur springs, and steps have already been taken towards the erection, in their neighbourhood, of a handsome sanatorium. A new museum of archeology, built in the Moorish style, was opened in the autumn of 1904, and other public buildings are in course of erection. The climate alone is attracting more Russian residents every year, and if only the Jews are treated properly, the good fortune of Kisheneff will certainly be assured.

thoroughly experienced with all necessities of an absolutely first-class hotel seeks employment. Highest references can be given. International and Egyptian experience.

26450-3*-2

Captain M. J. Hamilton, Lancashire Fusi-lier, has been seconded for service with the Khedive's Army. He has worn the bushy for a little over six years, and commanded a company for almost the past two years

Lieutenant J.B. -Jenkinson, 2nd Battalion Rifle Brigade, who recently was appointed adjutant of the Mounted Infantry in Egypt, is a smart young officer of five years' service. He had considerable experience of mounted infantry work at Aldershot -He has been seconded whilst so employed.

The Army Council has derided, that if a Regimental major specially selected for appointment as second in command, has not, at the time of such appointment, completed two years service as a substantive major, he shall nevertheless be entitled, from the 27th July, 1905, or from his appointment if subsequent to that date, to pay at the higher rates allowed by- regulation to substantive majors of Cavalry and Infantry after two years service in that rank.

It has been decided to issue the new short service rifle to Royal Horae Artillery and Royal Field Artillery batteries in the proportion; of five rifles to each brigade headquarters, 48 rifles to each battery,and one rifle per gunner in each ammunition column and park.

Advices from the. Mediterranean Fleet state that H.M.S. Bulwark, flagship of Lord Charles Beresford, made excellent practice during the recent gunlayers' competition off Valetta with the 12 inch guns The fore turret gun made eight hits out of thirteen rounds, and the after turret gun nine hits out of ten rounds a total of seventeen hits out of twenty-three rounds. The flagship also did well in the 6-inch gun competition, scoring 78 hits out of 103 rounds. This is the best record of the fleet. Our foreoast that Lord Charles would pull up the gunnery of the squadron, or know the reason why, was perfectly correct.

The storeship Wye was paid out of commission this week at Sheerness, and placed on the sale list. The Wye was purchased during the Ashanti War, and was since employed in running to the West Coast and Ascension Island. As she is of no fighting value she will be sold all standing-without mutilation of her machinery. *

It has been calculated that the Wye steamed half a million of miles in the past thirty years. During the Ashanti War she carried stores to the West Coast and she discharged a duty during the Egyptian War of 1882.

Are you interested in trade with India 1 If so, it would interest the wholesale dealers to advertise in Khosla Diary, as besides extensive circulation it is for FREE issue to messes, clubs, institutes and Government offices, and brings them closer to trades people. It would also interest the retailers, as it brings them to the notice of lawyers, medical men, clergy, landlords and even students. Charges for advertising in Khosla Diary are - Full page Demy 8vo—16 Shillings, Half page Demy 8vo-10 Shillings, and Quarter page Demy 8vo—6 Shillings. Send your order and remittance to cover the charge of advertising by the 6th October, or you would be too late, to,

K. R. Khosla, Manager,

Punjab Cooperative Bank, Limited, 26452-4-2 Rawal Pindi (India),

À VIS

Transport des Chiens sur les lignes

U BoomII ¿ AmSmuMi rfTboDnmil d'informer la Pablio qu'Apartir do 1er Octobre 1905 le»chiens transportés par tons lot Mmina saur exception sur le Rferea dis Vbmmiàt d* f» f compris les lignes de BstiliOuè hswvetr ;

Mattarieh—Barésge^itandêh yopt taxés an prix Tun demi büKët de Mm

1« Caire, le 20 Septembre 1905. 96459-1

AVIS

LeOonseil d'Admimstretio» wVbtomm de faire savoir an pablio que le Bureau Télégra-phi^dt de la gare de Pont-Limoun sera formé A partir dt 1er Octobre prochain.

Le Game, le 29 Septembre 1906. 26458-1

Holders of 5$ % Cemulative Preference BhaSh Warrants *to Bearer are hereby iafospl that Coupon No. 14 will be payable on tad after the 80 September If05 at the Wrfri Ottomah Bank, Alexandria, and at Giya, Mills, Currie & Co^ Lombard Street, London.

The proprietors of homishthre sbaree will receive Dividend Warrant» by post Alexandria, 22nd September, 1905.

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