class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide .title[ # Discussion Note: Wang & Sun ] .author[ ### <strong>Yen-Chieh Liao</strong> ] .author[ ### CAIG | University of Birmingham ] .author[ ### 2025 APSA CGOT ] --- exclude: true --- layout: true # .tiny[Overview] --- name: overview #### __Similarities__ -- ▫ .small[Study Taiwanese legislators in the same institutional context] <br> -- ▫ .small[Emphasize strategic political behavior] <br> -- ▫ .small[rational choice → motivation → reelected]<br> #### __Differences__ -- .pull-left[ - .small[**Sun**:]<br> ▫ .small[Top-down perspective] ] .pull-right[ - .small[**Wang**:]<br> ▫ .small[Bottom-up perspective] ] --- #### __Similarities__ ▫ .small[Study Taiwanese legislators in the same institutional context] ▫ .small[Emphasize strategic political behavior] ▫ .small[rational choice → motivation → reelected]<br> #### __Differences__ .pull-left[ - .small[**Sun**:]<br> ▫ .small[Top-down perspective] ▫ .small[Quantitative analysis, 2012-2024, NLP + Hypothesis Testing] ] .pull-right[ - .small[**Wang**:]<br> ▫ .small[Bottom-up perspective] ▫ .small[2018 fieldwork, Legislators' participation in constituents' private events] ] --- #### __Similarities__ ▫ .small[Study Taiwanese legislators in the same institutional context] ▫ .small[Emphasize strategic political behavior] ▫ .small[rational choice → motivation → reelected]<br> #### __Differences__ .pull-left[ - .small[**Sun**:]<br> ▫ .small[Top-down perspective] ▫ .small[Quantitative analysis, 2012-2024, NLP + Hypothesis Testing] ▫ .small[Electoral competition → Legislative strategic calculation → Emotional rhetoric choice → Media attention → Electoral benefits] ] .pull-right[ - .small[**Wang**:]<br> ▫ .small[Bottom-up perspective] ▫ .small[2018 fieldwork, Legislators' participation in constituents' private events] ▫ .small[Voters' status needs → Invitation to legislators → Performative responsiveness → Social status enhancement → Political support reciprocity] ] --- #### __Similarities__ ▫ .small[Study Taiwanese legislators in the same institutional context] ▫ .small[Emphasize strategic political behavior] ▫ .small[rational choice → motivation → reelected]<br> #### __Differences__ .pull-left[ - .small[**Sun**:]<br> ▫ .small[Top-down perspective] ▫ .small[Quantitative analysis, 2012-2024, NLP + Hypothesis Testing] ▫ .small[Electoral competition → Legislative strategic calculation → Emotional rhetoric choice → Media attention → Electoral benefits] ▫ .small[Electoral competition pressure → Emotional rhetoric strategy] ] .pull-right[ - .small[**Wang**:]<br> ▫ .small[Bottom-up perspective] ▫ .small[2018 fieldwork, Legislators' participation in constituents' private events] ▫ .small[Voters' status needs → Invitation to legislators → Performative responsiveness → Social status enhancement → Political support reciprocity] ▫ .small[Voters' impression → Performative response] ] --- layout: true # .tiny[Wang's Performative Responsiveness] --- name: overview #### __Strengths__ ▫ .small[Expanding Clientelism Research: Extends from political (e.g., distributive/pork) benefits to symbolic representation/benefits] <br> -- ▫ .small[Applies Goffman's "front stage/back stage" concepts to analyze how politicians strategically perform intimate relationships] -- #### __Conceptualization Comments__ ▫ .small[The operationalization of "performative responsiveness" remains unclear] <br> -- → .small[Some Latin American /African politics literature or pork barrel behavior literature might help you with theoretical construction] <br> -- ▫ .small[Theoretical Dialogue to Grandstanding Literature (Slapin et al., 2018; Park, 2023; Lewallen & Park, 2024)] <br> -- → .small[Extraposition taking → Attention seeking] <br> --- <br> .small[__Future Work__: Apply your theory to more empirical analyses] .pull-left[ <img src="./discussant-note-images/legis.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> </div> ] .pull-right[ <img src="./discussant-note-images/apsa.png" width="75%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ] --- layout: true # .tiny[Sun's Strategic Use of Emotions] --- name: overview #### __Strength__ -- ▫ .small[Utilizes fine-tuned models for sentiment analysis ≅ .hi-turquoise[[_Electoral Systems & Geographically Targeted Questions_ (Liao & Tang, working paper)](https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/ppxruc9jgwrlnwdnoxaxb/Electoral_Systems_and_Geographically_Targeted.pdf?rlkey=pg9owrhasrancnqvbrghcdclb&e=1&dl=0)]]<br> -- ▫ .small[Contribution: stronghold measurement for SMD]<br> -- #### __Comments__ - .small[**Dialogue with Grandstanding Literature** (similar to Wang's paper):]<br> -- - .small[**Merge H1 + H2**: Consider developing conditional hypotheses extending to:]<br> ▫ .small[go more beyond: intraparty competition]<br> ▫ .small[Municipality homogeneity's effects (industry composition, education levels, Liao and Tang 2025)]<br> -- - .small[**Fine-tuning Performance**: Google BERT or Taiwan's models?]<br> -- ▫ .small[→ Human Validation: Recommend random sampling of 5% for manual verification]<br> -- - .small[**Sentiment Detection Refinement**: Consider fine-tuning specifically for negative language + hate speech detection (Wang & Day 2022) ▫ .small[→ extension toward populism speech?]<br>]<br> --- layout: true class: inverse, center, middle # Thank You ---