ANSIS Ontology

An Actuation carries out an (Actuation) Procedure to change the state of the world using an Actuator.

The activity of automatically closing a window if the temperature in a room drops below 20 degree Celsius. The activity is the Actuation and the device that closes the window is the Actuator. The Procedure is the rule, plan, or specification that defines the conditions that triggers the Actuation, here a drop in temperature. 

The thing whose property is being estimated or calculated in the course of an Observation to arrive at a Result or whose property is being manipulated by an Actuator, or which is being sampled or transformed in an act of Sampling.

When measuring the height of a tree, the height is the observed ObservableProperty, 20m may be the Result of the Observation, and the tree is the FeatureOfInterest. A window is a FeatureOfInterest for an automatic window control Actuator.

Act of carrying out an (Observation) Procedure to estimate or calculate a value of a property of a FeatureOfInterest. Links to a Sensor to describe what made the Observation and how; links to an ObservableProperty to describe what the result is an estimate of, and to a FeatureOfInterest to detail what that property was associated with.

The activity of estimating the intensity of an Earthquake using the Mercalli intensity scale is an Observation as is measuring the moment magnitude, i.e., the energy released by said earthquake.

A Sample is the result from an act of Sampling.

A transient sample, such as a ships-track or flight-line, might be identified and described, but is unlikely to be revisited exactly.

A 'station' is essentially an identifiable locality where a sensor system or Procedure may be deployed and an observation made. In the context of the observation model, it connotes the 'world in the vicinity of the station', so the observed properties relate to the physical medium at the station, and not to any physical artifact such as a mooring, buoy, benchmark, monument, well, etc.

A statistical sample is often designed to be characteristic of an entire population, so that observations can be made regarding the sample that provide a good estimate of the properties of the population.

A device that is used by, or implements, a Sampling Procedure to create or transform one or more samples.

A ball mill, diamond drill, hammer, hypodermic syringe and needle, image Sensor or a soil auger can all act as sampling devices (i.e., be Samplers). However, sometimes the distinction between the Sampler and the Sensor is not evident, as they are packaged as a unit. A Sampler need not be a physical device.

An act of Sampling carries out a sampling Procedure to create or transform one or more samples.

Dividing a field site into quadrants.

Registering an image of the landscape.

Drawing blood from a patient.

Taking a diamond-drill core from a rock outcrop.

Drilling an observation well.

Selecting a subset of a population.

Establishing a station for environmental monitoring.

Digging a pit through a soil sequence.

Splitting a piece of drill-core to create two new samples.

Crushing a rock sample in a ball mill.

Sieving a powder to separate the subset finer than 100-mesh.

Device, agent (including humans), or software (simulation) involved in, or implementing, a Procedure. Sensors respond to a stimulus, e.g., a change in the environment, or input data composed from the results of prior Observations, and generate a Result. Sensors can be hosted by Platforms.

Accelerometers, gyroscopes, barometers, magnetometers, and so forth are Sensors that are typically mounted on a modern smart phone (which acts as Platform). Other examples of sensors include the human eyes.

[

      a ansis:SoilClassification ;

      ansis:classification-order "CH" ;

      ansis:classification-suborder "AB" ;

]

[

      a ansis:CoarseFragments ;

      ansis:abundance <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/land-surface/coarse-fragments-abundance-3> ;

      ansis:abundance [

          a qudt:QuantityValue ;

          qudt:unit unit:PERCENT ;

          qudt:value "10." ;

        ]

]

[

   a ansis:HorizonDesignation ;

   ansis:designation-master "B" ;

   ansis:designation-subdivision "22" ;

   ansis:designation-suffix "s" ;

]

surface landscape features of a site

landscape features within which the site is located

The larger tiles, more than 600 m across, are called landform patterns….. The smaller tiles, which form mosaics within landform patterns, are about 40 m or more across. . These are called landform elements.

Landform element (~40m)

Landform pattern (>600m)

A Site established to make observations of landscape entities

'Site' is a geospatial entity (feature) which has a geometry (incl. location)

'Site' may be considered as a kind of Sample, since it is selected to be representative of a landscape entity

'Site' acts as a kind of platform, where sensors may be deployed.

More specific types of site may include (i) SoilSite (ii) TERN Monitoring Site (iii) Farmer site

Generic container class for objects with a 'literal' value (i.e. text-string, number, etc)

'height' is vertical distance between base of depression of flat, and horizontal line joining crests of mounds or hummocks 'length' is horizontal distance between crests of mounds or tops of hummocks

Mottles and other colour patterns

Type of land survey site e.g. monitoring, opportunistic, farm, pedology

e.g. monitoring, opportunistic, farm, pedology

A visit to a designated site, for the purpose of taking samples, making observations, and other activities

my:visit-S1-2

  a ansis:SiteVisit ;

  prov:endedAtTime "2022-09-07T13:00:00+10:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;

  prov:startedAtTime "2022-09-07T09:00:00+10:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;

  ansis:relatedActivity my:O1 ;

  ansis:relatedActivity my:O3 ;

  ansis:relatedActivity my:O4 ;

  ansis:relatedActivity my:O5 ;

  ansis:relatedProject <https://example.org/project-9765> ;

  ansis:relatedSite my:St1 ;

  ansis:visitor <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0693-1899> ;

  ansis:visitor <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-2517> ;

.

my:O1

  a sosa:Observation ;

  rdfs:comment "Measurement of bulk density of a layer A12 in profile P1" ;

  sosa:hasFeatureOfInterest my:A12P1 ;

  sosa:hasResult [

      a qudt:QuantityValue ;

      qudt:unit unit:GM-PER-CentiM3 ;

      qudt:value "1.4" ;

    ] ;

  sosa:observedProperty ansis:density-bulk ;

  sosa:resultTime "2022-09-14T11:35:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;

.

part of the soil cover that is delineated at a scale useful for an application, and is homogeneous with regard to properties and/or spatial patterns.

A soil body is usually described as a sequence of layers or arrangement of soil horizons. This may be a single layer.

my:Body-88

  a ansis:SoilBody ;

  skos:prefLabel "Monivae gravelly loam" ;

.

soil layer which is compositionally and/or structurally homogeneous, delineated by pedological boundaries

Soil horizons are designated A1, B2, R etc.

my:B22s

  a ansis:SoilHorizon ;

  rdfs:comment "Horizon B22s" ;

  ansis:designation [

      a ansis:HorizonDesignation ;

      ansis:designation-master <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/soil-profile/horizons-B> ;

      ansis:designation-subdivision "22" ;

      ansis:designation-suffix <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/soil-profile/horizon-suffix-s> ;

    ] ;

  ansis:relatedBody my:B88 ;

.

region within a soil body usually observed as a specified depth interval within a profile

A depth-defined layer could be considered to be a sample of a soil-body.

my:Layer_20-80

  a ansis:SoilLayer ;

  skos:prefLabel "layer 20-80 cm" ;

  ansis:depth-lower "80 cm" ;

  ansis:depth-upper "20 cm" ;

  ansis:relatedBody my:Body-88 ;

.

Plasticity degree only applies to Normal plasticity

A soil profile is a vertical section of a soil from the soil surface through all its horizons to parent material, other consolidated substrate material or selected depth in unconsolidated material.

If type=composite, then it is expected that there are 2::n related profiles whose type=single

my:P1

  a ansis:SoilProfile ;

  geo:hasGeometry my:Point_1 ;

  rdfs:comment "profile 1" ;

  sosa:isSampleOf my:B88 ;

  sosa:usedProcedure <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/soil-profile/observation-type-C> ;

  ansis:classification [

      a ansis:ASC-SoilClassification ;

      ansis:classification-order <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asc/CH> ;

      ansis:classification-suborder <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asc/AB> ;

    ] ;

  ansis:coarse-fragment-distribution <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/soil-profile/coarse-fragments-distribution-R> ;

  ansis:depth [

      a qudt:QuantityValue ;

      qudt:unit unit:CentiM ;

      qudt:value "106." ;

    ] ;

  ansis:depth-reason "depth of interest" ;

  ansis:purpose "characterisation" ;

  ansis:relatedLayer my:A11 ;

  ansis:relatedLayer my:A12 ;

  ansis:relatedLayer my:A2 ;

  ansis:relatedLayer my:B21s ;

  ansis:relatedLayer my:B22s ;

  ansis:relatedLayer my:R ;

  ansis:relatedSoilSite my:St1 ;

  ansis:relatedSoilSurface my:Sf3 ;

  ansis:relatedSubstrate my:Sb1 ;

.

Sample of soil or soil entity

Sample is a key class in the context of observations. The sample is an intermediate object, which is intended to be representative of the entity that we wish to characterize. The relationship of the sample to the ultimate entity-of-interest is recorded through the following properties:
- sosa:isSampleOf to indicate the entity that this sample represents
- ansis:component (if necessary) to indicate which component of the entity the observation related to, such as coarse-fragments or mottles
- ansis:relatedProfile to indicate the 'profile' where it is taken (this may be a formal, complete profile, or an informal profile such as a shallow auger or shovel location)
- ansis:depth-lower + ansis:depth-upper (if necessary) to indicate the precise depth range within the profile where the sample was taken

A soil sample must be associated to a profile.

my:A11P1

  a ansis:SoilSample ;

  rdfs:comment "Horizon A11 in Profile 1" ;

  sosa:isSampleOf my:A11 ;

  ansis:depth-lower [

      a qudt:QuantityValue ;

      qudt:unit unit:CentiM ;

      qudt:value "17." ;

    ] ;

  ansis:depth-upper [

      a qudt:QuantityValue ;

      qudt:unit unit:CentiM ;

      qudt:value "0." ;

    ] ;

  ansis:relatedProfile my:P1 ;

  ansis:type "simple" ;

.



my:A12P1R

  a ansis:SoilSample ;

  rdfs:comment "Roots component in Horizon A12 in Profile P1" ;

  sosa:isSampleOf my:A12P1 ;

  ansis:component ansis:Roots ;

  ansis:relatedProfile my:P1 ;

  ansis:type "component" ;

.

A site where samples, observations, and treatments of soil are carried out.

Samples are taken from profiles, and observations made on those samples in order to characterize the soil-body in which the site is located.

my:St1

  a ansis:SoilSite ;

  geo:hasGeometry my:Polygon_1 ;

  rdfs:comment "site 1" ;

  ansis:abundance-cover <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/vegetation/cover-abundance-2> ;

  ansis:has-erosion <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/land-surface/erosion-wind> ;

  ansis:has-land-use <http://www.neii.gov.au/def/voc/ACLUMP/australian-land-use-and-management-classification/Sown-grasses> ;

  ansis:hasCoarseFragments [

      a ansis:CoarseFragments ;

      ansis:abundance <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/land-surface/coarse-fragments-abundance-2> ;

    ] ;

.

Soil structure or pedality

[

      a ansis:SoilStructure ;

      ansis:grade <http://anzsoil.org/def/au/asls/soil-profile/structure-pedality-grade-M> ;

]

the surface of the soil body

my:Surface_3

  a ansis:SoilSurface ;

  skos:prefLabel "Soil surface 3" ;

  ansis:relatedBody my:Body-88 ;

.

Stream channel details

observed or inferred materials and masses of earth or rock that do not show pedological development. They are not soils, but typically underlie them. The substrate includes the R horizon and that part of the C horizon that shows no pedological development, but excludes the solum, buried soil horizons (including D horizons), and pans. The substrate beneath a soil profile may or may not be the parent material of the soil.

Intervention or treatment

A Project is a planned activity with a budget, a sponsor, and a leader.

Project stakeholders are indicated using prov:wasAssociatedWith or the prov:qualifiedAssociation structure which allows their role to be catpured. Some special stakeholders have specific sub-properties with the roles fixed, including project-leader, project-participant, and project-funder.

Activities within a project are indicated using the proj:hasSubActivity (simple) or proj:subActivityAssociation properties - the latter allowing the nature of the relationshp to be described as well.

ex:Project1

rdf:type proj:Project ;

rdfs:label "Victoria level-crossing removal - phase 1" ;

proj:hadBudgetTotal [

  rdf:type proj:SumOfMoney ;

  rdfs:label "Level crossing removal phase 1 budget" ;

  proj:moneyAmount "524000000"^^xsd:decimal ;

  proj:moneyCurrency <https://dbpedia.org/resource/Australian_dollar> ;

] ;

proj:hadLeader ex:johnholland-kbr ;

proj:hadSponsor <http://levelcrossings.vic.gov.au/about/about-the-authority> ;

proj:hadSubActivity ex:BentleighLevelCrossingRemoval ;

proj:hadSubActivity ex:BurkeRoadLevelCrossingRemoval ;

proj:hadSubActivity ex:McKinnonRoadLevelCrossingRemoval ;

proj:hadSubActivity ex:NorthRoadLevelCrossingRemoval ;

proj:wasFundedThrough [

  rdf:type proj:FundingAssociation ;

  rdfs:label "Level crossing removal project phase 1 funding arrangement" ;

  rdfs:seeAlso <http://www.premier.vic.gov.au/contract-awarded-for-first-four-level-crossing-removals/> ;

  proj:fundsProvided [

    rdf:type proj:SumOfMoney ;

    proj:moneyAmount "524000000"^^xsd:decimal ;

    proj:moneyCurrency <https://dbpedia.org/resource/Australian_dollar> ;

  ] ;

  prov:agent <http://www.vic.gov.au/> ;

] ;

rdfs:label "Victoria level-crossing removal - phase 1" ;

proj:plannedEnd "2017-03-31"^^xsd:date ;

proj:plannedStart "2015-10-01"^^xsd:date ;

prov:atLocation <https://dbpedia.org/resource/Melbourne> ;

prov:endedAtTime "2016-10-31T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;

prov:startedAtTime "2015-10-01T00:00:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;

.