Exponent Rules

Product rule

\[a^m \cdot a^n = a^{m+n}\]

Quotient Rule

\[a^m \div a^n = a^{m - n}\]

Power of a Power Rule

\[(a^m)^n = a^{m \cdot n}\]

Power of a Product Rule

\[(ab)^m = b^m \cdot b^m\]

Power of a Quotient Rule

\[(\frac{a}{b})^m = \frac{a^m}{b^m}\]

Zero Exponent Rule

\[a^0 = 1\]

Negative Exponent Rule

\[a^{-m} = \frac{1}{a^m}\]

Fractional Exponent Rule

\[a^{\frac{m}{n}} = \sqrt[n]{a^m}\]

Odd vs Even exponents and negative coefficients

Even Exponents

\[(-x)^4\]

In this case this has a coefficients of negative one. so it is equavilant to

\[x^4\]

Odd Exponents

\[3(-x)^3\]

This is equivalant to

\[-3x^3\]

Multiplying Negative Exponents

When the bases are the same

\[a^{-n} \cdot a^{-m} = a^{-(n+m)} = 1 \div a^{n+m}\]

When the bases are different and the negative powers are the same

\[a^{-n} \cdot b^{-n} = (a \cdot b)^{-n} = 1 \div (a \cdot b)^n\]

When the bases and the negative powers are different

\[a^{-n} \cdot b^{-m} = (a^{-n}) \cdot (b^{-m})\]

Exponents of exponents